Nigerian National Debt: More Of An Accountability Crisis Than Economically Induced Issue

A position paper presented during the media interaction at the IMF/World Bank Annual Meeting in Washington D.C. USA by Auwal Ibrahim Musa(Rafsanjani), Executive Director, Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre(CISLAC), Head of Transparency International – Nigeria

The Public Finance integrity in Nigeria is probably at its lowest state. The debt profile has defiled all economic prudence frameworks that exist in the laws. This paper is to x-ray the many contributors to the non-existent solution to the issue.

The National Budget – On the 7th of October 2022, the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria presented the 2023 Appropriation bill to the National assembly. The budget estimate as contained in the bill is to the tune of #20.5trn with an expected revenue of #9.7trn and expected (additional) borrowing to the tune of #8.8trn. if this scales through, Nigeria’s debt stock will be at #50.8trn. This is not just worrisome but also scary considering the state of our economy that we are already in, this situation looks like nothing else than escalated poverty and exacerbated austerity.

(1) TAX ADMINISTRATION –

The leakages that exist within the financial architecture of Nigeria as a country creates a default opportunity for ineffective taxation and consequently failure in optimizing our revenue that is required for national development.

(2)EXTRACTIVE SECTOR GOVERNANCE –

The organized corruption in the oil and gas sector is a major issue that is expressed in several ways including oil theft and all other forms of sabotage within the trade value chain – fuel subsidy and other unproductive incentives. This trend has consistently left us in a situation where this revered sector is rather sapping revenue from the government instead of contributing substantially to fund developmental projects in Nigeria.

(3)ABSENCE OF AN ECONOMIC TEAM –

Like the saying goes “If you fail to plan then you are planning to fail” every government should constitute an economic team of technocrats saddled with the responsibility of advising the President on economic issues at any given time in the life of every regime. The absence of such a critical team leaves room for knee-jerk approach to economic policies and interventions which lots of time falls short of Although this essential spending is being made by our governments today, the debate over how to deal with the debt generated by the COVID-19 crisis will be of vital importance to Nigerians.

(4)POLICY ACTIONS THAT CHOKE THE MIDDLE CLASS AND INFORMAL SECTOR:

The consistent and ever-increasing budget deficit trend is a strategic way of getting capital projects out of the space as most of the revenue are channeled towards debt servicing and at most recurrent expenditure. This means that Micro, small and middle industries who are unable to provide basic infrastructural needs to operate will be closed down and the ones that can, will be producing at a very high cost and in-turn cannot compete comparatively with their international counterparts.

(5)MISPLACED ECONOMIC PRIORITIES –

The legislature’s primary mandates are oversight, law making and representation. The legislator is never saddled with the responsibility of implementing projects at any level of government. This is arguably putting the constituency project concept as an economic misplaced priority. Also owing to the fact that these funds has never been accounted for nor has it ever had any resemblance of proper management in the past. We believe that it is better for the law maker to concentrate with his/her primary mandates but ensure that the executive implement any project as provided by the appropriation Act within a fiscal of the government.

(6)THE CENTRAL BANK OF NIGERIA AND ITS ECONOMIC DRIVING POLICIES –

The apex bank is saddled with the responsibility of regulating the entire financial sector by its fiscal policies and in turn serves a major driver of the economy of the country. Of recent we have seen the apex bank being engaged in some direct implementation of projects and service delivery. These projects and services are supposed to be domiciled in one of the Ministries, Agencies or Departments of the federal or state government. This action is rather distracting for the apex bank considering the enormous task of regulating and policy requirements that they should be responsible for on a day-to-day basis.

(7)PUBLIC PROCUREMENT ISSUES –

one of the major provisions of the public procurement Act of 2007 is that there most be a public procurement council who oversees the procurement processes in the country. But since over a decade now, this very important body has never been in place and creates a lacuna in the procurement management process. We all agree that the contract award and management in the country which is a direct function of public procurement processes has been a thing of worry considering the numerous irregularities that is alleged within the process.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Haven outlined these contributors as stated above, we wish to proffer these few recommendations as a means to get out of this menace that has plunged the Nigerian economy into a ditch.

Alternative funding sources –

(A)NATIONAL ASSEMBLY MUST WORK FOR THE INTEREST OF NIGERIA ITS PEOPLE.

We call on the National Assembly to not be in a hurry to just pass the 2023 Appropriation bill until they have assembled a team of economic experts in conjunction with the executive, who will work out alternative source of funding the budget deficit other than borrowing.

(B) USE OF TAX INCENTIVE MUST BE PRODUCTIVE AND REDUCE BUDGE SIZE&WASTE

This is the time to make good use of the incentive system to allow the private sector fund the capital projects in the budget. It is also important to scrutinize the budget and weed out frivolous items as we always have them featured in the budget year in year out.

This will also look at a possible reduction in the budget size and make it more reasonable and realistic as we are not in any budget increment contest.

(C)SETTING UP OF AN ECONOMIC TEAM –

 This should be considered a death and life issue as it really is, the life wire on which our economy depends on now is about finding the way forward out of the mess we are already in. there should be a team that will come up with a robust plan that will be implementable and sustainable with a detailed steps towards economic recovery. This should include how all sectors will contribute effectively towards achieving the set goals as will be contained in the plan.

(D) REFOCUS THE APEX BANK –

 The central bank of Nigeria should be refocused to its major mandates in a bid to being the major driver of any anticipated recovery. Efficient economic recovery highly depends on the economic framework management and this is and should be the primary focus of the apex bank instead of delving into direct service deliveries that already should be done by one of the numerous MDAs in the country.

(E) EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ANTI-CORRUPTION COMMITMENTS –

The Nigerian government has strongly signed on to a number of strategic commitments within the global space that should help in fighting corruption. Among them and the most prominent are the beneficial ownership disclosure and contract transparency. These has the capacity to reduce economic sabotaging tools to the barest minimum, it will reduce terrorism financing which is also a major contributor to an unconducive economic environment. Strengthening of all the mechanisms that are needed for these two initiatives to thrive is a sure way towards economic recovery and debt reduction in Nigeria.

(F) SETTING UP OF THE PROCUREMENT COUNCIL –

An outright disobedience to the law is a sure means of getting it all wrong. The procurement council is needed to reduce the level of discretion and abuse of office that plays out in the contracting processes in Nigeria. This has proven to the most potent drain pipe from which politically exposed persons allocate contracts to themselves and their cronies, allocate funds and never gets the work done. Meanwhile these resources are supposed to be from borrowed funds for which the country is paying heavily on.

(G)LEVERAGING ON THE EXISTING FRAMEWORKS THAT CONTRIBUTES TO ECONOMIC RECOVERY –

There are several frameworks that exist within our numerous laws, if we as a country leverage on these very good intents of the law, we will do much better. Among them will be the Fiscal Responsibility Act provision as regarding financial prudence; the beneficial  provisions of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA); The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations on reducing illicit financial flows and terrorism financing; the provisions of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) on beneficial ownership and contract transparency disclosure; other commitments within the Open Government Partnership initiatives that supports financial management and economic recovery.

(H) 2023 ELECTION –

The upcoming 2023 general elections presents another opportunity for Nigerians to look at the mandates that each aspiring candidate is coming forward with and vote wisely.

Signed

Auwal Ibrahim Musa(Rafsanjani)

Executive Director, Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre(CISLAC)

Head of Transparency International – Nigeria

Washington DC, USA

Send Us A Press Statement Advertise With Us Contact Us

 And For More Nigerian News Visit GWG.NG